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Learn Sun Tzu on the Art of War with eChineseLearning's best Chinese teacher!

Sun Zi's Art of War was written by Sun Wu in the final year of the Spring and Autumn Period (770BC - 476BC).
It is not only the oldest Chinese military work in existence but also the oldest book of military theory in the world, well-known for a long time in the history of the military academy in China and abroad.
Sun Zi's Art of War has altogether 13 chapters. Both concise and comprehensive, this book sum up the experience of ancient wars, bring to light the many laws of war which are of universal significance.

Want to know why business people like it so much? Come and learn Sun Zi鈥檚 Art of War with eChineseLearning鈥檚 professional teachers!

Sun Zi Bing Fa - Sun Tzu on the Art of War -VI.Weak Points and Strong - xu shi pian di liu

鍘熸枃锛

x奴 sh铆 pi膩n d矛 li霉
铏 瀹灺 绡嚶犅 绗 鍏

s奴n zi yu膿 锛 f谩n xi膩n ch霉 zh脿n d矛 茅r d脿i d铆 zh臎 y矛 锛宧貌u ch霉 zh脿n d矛
瀛櫬 瀛 鏇奥 锛 鍑÷ 鍏埪犅 澶劼 鎴樎犅 鍦 鑰 寰吢 鏁 鑰吢 浣 锛 鍚幝 澶劼 鎴樎犅 鍦
茅r q奴 zh脿n zh臎 l谩o 銆 伞霉 sh脿n zh脿n zh臎 锛 zh矛 r茅n 茅r b煤 zh矛 y煤 r茅n 銆
鑰 瓒 鎴樎犅 鑰吢 鍔陈 銆 鏁 鍠劼犅 鎴樎犅 鑰吢 锛 鑷绰 浜郝 鑰 涓 鑷绰 浜 浜郝 銆
n茅n伞 sh菒 d铆 r茅n z矛 zh矛 zh臎 锛宭矛 zh墨 y臎 锛沶茅n伞 sh菒 d铆 r茅n b霉 d茅 zh矛zh臎 锛
鑳铰犅 浣柯 鏁 浜郝 鑷 鑷陈 鑰吢 锛 鍒 涔嬄 涔 锛涜兘聽 浣柯 鏁 浜轰笉 寰 鑷陈 鑰 锛
h脿i zh墨 y臎 銆 伞霉 d铆 y矛 n茅n伞 l谩o zh墨 锛宐菐o n茅n伞 j墨 zh墨 锛屇乶 n茅n伞 d貌n伞
瀹陈 涔嬄 涔 銆 鏁 鏁 浣 鑳铰犅 鍔陈 涔嬄 锛 楗甭 鑳铰犅 楗 涔嬄 锛 瀹 鑳铰 聽鍔
zh墨 銆 ch奴 q铆 su菕 b霉 q奴 锛 q奴 q铆 su菕 b煤 y矛 銆
涔嬄 銆 鍑郝 鍏 鎵聽 涓 瓒 锛 瓒 鍏 鎵聽 涓 鎰 銆

x铆n伞 qi膩n l菒 茅r b霉 l谩o zh臎 锛寈铆n伞 y煤 w煤 r茅n zh墨 d矛 y臎 锛浬∨峮伞 茅r b矛 q菙
琛屄犅 鍗兟犅 閲 鑰 涓 鍔陈 鑰吢 锛 琛屄犅 浜 鏃 浜郝 涔嬄 鍦 涔 锛 鏀宦 鑰 蹇 鍙
zh臎 锛屔∨峮伞 q铆 su菕 b霉 sh菕u y臎 锛泂h菕u 茅r b矛 伞霉 zh臎,sh菕u q铆 su菕 b霉 伞艒n伞
鑰吢 锛 鏀宦犅 鍏 鎵聽 涓 瀹埪犅 涔 锛 瀹埪犅 鑰 蹇 鍥 鑰吢 锛 瀹埪犅 鍏 鎵聽 涓 鏀
y臎 銆 伞霉 sh脿n 伞艒n伞 zh臎 锛宒铆 b霉 zh墨 q铆 su菕 sh菕u 锛泂h脿n sh菕u zh臎 锛宒铆
涔 銆 鏁 鍠劼犅 鏀宦犅 鑰吢 锛 鏁 涓 鐭ヂ 鍏 鎵聽 瀹埪犅 锛 鍠劼犅 瀹埪犅 鑰吢 锛 鏁
b霉 zh墨 q铆 su菕 伞艒n伞 銆 w膿i h奴 w膿i h奴 锛 zh矛 y煤 w煤 x铆n伞 锛 sh茅n h奴 sh茅n
涓 鐭ヂ 鍏 鎵聽 鏀宦犅 銆 寰 涔 寰 涔 锛 鑷陈 浜 鏃 褰⒙犅 锛 绁灺犅 涔 绁
h奴 锛 zh矛 y煤 w煤 sh膿n伞 锛 伞霉 n茅n伞 w茅i d铆 zh墨 s墨 m矛n伞 銆俲矛n 茅r b霉 k臎 y霉
涔 锛 鑷陈 浜 鏃 澹奥犅犅 锛 鏁 鑳铰犅 涓郝 鏁 涔嬄 鍙 鍛铰犅 銆 杩浡 鑰 涓 鍙 寰
zh臎 锛 ch艒n伞 q铆 x奴 y臎 锛 tu矛 茅r b霉 k臎 zhu墨 y臎 锛 s霉 茅r b霉 k臎 j铆 y臎 銆
鑰吢 锛 鍐猜犅犅 鍏 铏 涔 锛 閫聽 鑰 涓 鍙 杩铰犅 涔 锛 閫 鑰 涓 鍙 鍙 涔 銆
伞霉 w菕 y霉 zh脿n 锛 d铆 su墨 伞膩o l臎i sh膿n 伞艒u 锛 b霉 d茅 b霉 y菙 w菕 zh脿n zh臎 锛
鏁 鎴 娆 鎴樎犅 锛 鏁 铏铰 楂樎 鍨捖 娣甭犅 娌熉 锛 涓 寰 涓 涓 鎴 鎴樎犅 鑰吢 锛
伞艒n伞 q铆 su菕 b矛 ji霉 y臎 锛 w菕 b煤 y霉 zh脿n 锛 hu脿 d矛 茅r sh菕u zh墨 锛 d铆 b霉
鏀宦犅 鍏 鎵聽 蹇 鏁懧 涔 锛 鎴 涓 娆 鎴樎犅 锛 鐢宦 鍦 鑰 瀹埪犅 涔嬄 锛 鏁 涓
d茅 y菙 w菕 zh脿n zh臎 锛 伞u膩i q铆 su菕 zh墨 y臎 銆 伞霉 x铆n伞 r茅n 茅r w菕 w煤 x铆n伞 锛
寰 涓 鎴 鎴樎犅 鑰吢 锛 涔柭犅 鍏 鎵聽 涔嬄 涔 銆 鏁 褰⒙犅 浜郝 鑰 鎴 鏃 褰⒙犅 锛
z茅 w菕 zhu膩n 茅r d铆 f膿n 銆 w菕 zhu膩n w茅i y墨 锛 d铆 f膿n w茅i sh铆 sh矛 y菒 sh铆
鍒 鎴 涓撀犅犅 鑰 鏁 鍒喡 銆 鎴 涓撀犅犅 涓郝 涓 锛 鏁 鍒喡 涓郝 鍗伮 锛 鏄 浠 鍗
伞艒n伞 q铆 y矛 y臎 锛 z茅 w菕 zh貌n伞 茅r d铆 伞u菐 銆 n茅n伞 y菒 zh貌n伞 j墨 伞u菐 zh臎 锛
鏀宦犅 鍏 涓 涔 锛 鍒 鎴 浼椔犅犅 鑰 鏁 瀵÷ 銆 鑳铰犅 浠 浼椔犅犅 鍑 瀵÷ 鑰吢 锛
z茅 w煤 zh墨 su菕 y菙 zh脿n zh臎 锛 yu膿 y菒 銆倃煤 su菕 y菙 zh脿n zh墨 d矛 b霉 k臎 zh墨 锛
鍒 鍚 涔嬄 鎵聽 涓 鎴樎犅 鑰吢 锛岀害聽 鐭 銆傚惥 鎵聽 涓 鎴樎 涔嬄 鍦 涓 鍙 鐭ヂ 锛

b霉 k臎 zh墨 锛 z茅 d铆 su菕 b猫i zh臎 du艒 锛 d铆 su菕 b猫i zh臎 du艒 锛 z茅 w煤 su菕
涓 鍙 鐭ヂ 锛 鍒 鏁 鎵聽 澶嚶 鑰吢 澶毬 锛 鏁 鎵聽 澶嚶 鑰吢 澶毬 锛 鍒 鍚 鎵
y菙 zh脿n zh臎 伞u菐 y菒 銆 伞霉 b猫i qi谩n z茅 h貌u 伞u菐 锛 b猫i h貌u z茅 qi谩n 伞u菐 锛
涓 鎴樎犅 鑰吢 瀵÷ 鐭 銆 鏁 澶嚶 鍓嵚犅 鍒 鍚幝 瀵÷ 锛 鑳屄 鍚幝 鍒 鍓嵚犅 瀵÷ 锛
b猫i zu菕 z茅 y貌u 伞u菐 锛 b猫i y貌u z茅 zu菕 伞u菐 锛 w煤 su菕 b煤 b猫i 锛寊茅 w煤 su菕
澶嚶 宸β 鍒 鍙陈 瀵÷ 锛 澶嚶 鍙陈 鍒 宸β 瀵÷ 锛 鏃 鎵聽 涓 澶嚶 锛 鍒 鏃 鎵
b霉 伞u菐.伞u菐 zh臎,b猫i r茅n zh臎 y臎 锛 zh貌n伞 zh臎 锛宻h菒 r茅n b猫i j菒 zh臎 y臎 銆
涓 瀵° 瀵 鑰, 澶嚶 浜郝 鑰吢 涔 锛 浼椔犅犅 鑰吢 锛 浣柯 浜郝 澶嚶 宸 鑰吢 涔 銆

伞霉 zh墨 zh脿n zh墨 d矛 锛 zh墨 zh脿n zh墨 r矛 锛 z茅 k臎 qi膩n l菒 茅r hu矛 zh脿n 锛
鏁 鐭ヂ 鎴樎犅 涔嬄 鍦 锛 鐭ヂ 鎴樎犅 涔嬄 鏃 锛 鍒 鍙 鍗兟犅 閲 鑰 浼毬 鎴樎犅 锛
b霉 zh墨 zh脿n d矛,b霉 zh墨 zh脿n r矛,聽 z茅 zu菕 b霉 n茅n伞 ji霉 y貌u 锛 y貌u b霉 n茅n伞
涓 鐭ヂ 鎴樎犅 鍦 锛 涓 鐭ヂ 鎴樎犅 鏃 锛 鍒 宸β 涓 鑳铰犅 鏁懧 鍙陈 锛 鍙陈 涓 鑳
ji霉 zu菕 锛宷i谩n b霉 n茅n伞 ji霉 h貌u 锛宧貌u b霉 n茅n伞 ji霉 qi谩n 锛屆﹔ ku脿n伞 yu菐n
鏁懧 宸β 锛 鍓嵚犅 涓 鑳铰犅 鏁懧 鍚幝 锛 鍚幝 涓 鑳铰犅 鏁懧 鍓嵚犅 锛 鑰 鍐德犅犅 杩
zh臎 sh霉 sh铆 l菒 锛 j矛n zh臎 sh霉 l菒 h奴 锛
鑰吢 鏁奥 鍗伮 閲 锛 杩懧 鑰吢 鏁奥 閲 涔 锛

y菒 w煤 d霉 zh墨 锛寉u猫 r茅n zh墨 b墨n伞 su墨 du艒 锛 y矛 x墨 y矛 y煤 sh猫n伞 b脿i z膩i 锛
浠 鍚 搴 涔嬄 锛 瓒娐 浜郝 涔嬄 鍏德犅 铏铰 澶毬 锛 浜 濂 鐩 浜 鑳溌 璐ヂ 鍝壜 锛
伞霉 yu膿 锛 sh猫n伞 k臎 w茅i y臎 銆 d铆 su墨 zh貌n伞 锛 k臎 sh菒 w煤 d貌u 銆
鏁 鏇奥 锛 鑳溌犅犅 鍙 涓郝 涔 銆 鏁 铏铰 浼椔犅犅 锛 鍙 浣柯 鏃 鏂椔 銆

伞霉 c猫 zh墨 茅r zh墨 d茅 sh墨 zh墨 j矛 锛 zu貌 zh墨 茅r zh墨 d貌n伞 jin伞 zh墨 l菒 锛
鏁 绛 涔嬄 鑰 鐭ヂ 寰 澶甭 涔嬄 璁 锛 浣溌 涔嬄 鑰 鐭ヂ 鍔犅 闈櫬犅 涔嬄 鐞 锛
x铆n伞 zh墨 茅r zh墨 s菒 sh膿n伞 zh墨 d矛,ji菐o zh墨 茅r zh墨 y菕u y煤 b霉 z煤 zh墨 ch霉 銆
褰⒙ 涔嬄 鑰 鐭ヂ 姝 鐢熉 涔嬄 鍦 锛 瑙捖 涔嬄 鑰 鐭ヂ 鏈壜 浣 涓 瓒 涔嬄 澶劼 銆
伞霉 x铆n伞 b墨n伞 zh墨 j铆,zh矛 y煤 w煤 x铆n伞 銆 w煤 x铆n伞 锛 z茅 sh膿n ji膩n b霉 n茅n伞
鏁 褰⒙犅 鍏德犅 涔嬄 鏋 锛 鑷陈 浜 鏃 褰⒙犅 銆 鏃 褰⒙犅 锛 鍒 娣甭犅 闂绰犅 涓 鑳铰犅
ku墨 锛 zh矛 zh臎 b霉 n茅n伞 m贸u 銆 y墨n x铆n伞 茅r cu貌 sh猫n伞 y煤 zh貌n伞 锛 zh貌n伞
绐ヂ 锛 鏅郝 鑰吢 涓 鑳铰犅 璋嬄 銆 鍥犅 褰⒙犅 鑰 閿櫬 鑳溌犅犅 浜 浼椔犅犅 锛 浼椔
b霉 n茅n伞 zh墨 銆俽茅n ji膿 zh墨 w菕 su贸 y菒 sh猫n伞 zh墨 x铆n伞 锛屆﹔ m貌 zh墨 w煤 su贸
涓 鑳铰犅 鐭ヂ 銆 浜郝 鐨喡 鐭ヂ 鎴 鎵聽 浠 鑳溌犅犅 涔嬄 褰⒙犅 锛 鑰 鑾 鐭ヂ 鍚 鎵
y菒 zh矛 sh猫n伞 zh墨 x铆n伞 銆 伞霉 q铆 zh脿n sh猫n伞 b煤 f霉 锛 茅r y墨n伞 x铆n伞 y煤 w煤
浠 鍒堵 鑳溌 聽聽涔嬄 褰⒙犅 銆 鏁 鍏 鎴樎犅 鑳溌犅犅 涓 澶 锛 鑰 搴斅犅 褰⒙犅 浜 鏃
qi贸n伞 銆
绌仿犅犅 銆

 f奴 b墨n伞 x铆n伞 xi脿n伞 shu菒,shu菒 zh墨 x铆n伞 锛 b矛 伞膩o 茅r q奴 xi脿 锛 b墨n伞 zh墨
澶 鍏德犅 褰⒙犅 璞÷犅犅 姘绰犅 锛 姘绰犅 涔嬄 琛屄犅 锛 閬 楂樎 鑰 瓒 涓嬄 锛 鍏德犅 涔
x铆n伞 锛宐矛 sh铆 茅r j墨 x奴 锛 shu菒 y墨n d矛 茅r zh矛 li煤 锛宐墨n伞 y墨n d铆 茅r zh矛
褰⒙犅 锛 閬 瀹灺 鑰 鍑 铏 锛 姘绰犅 鍥犅 鍦 鑰 鍒堵 娴伮 锛 鍏德犅 鍥犅 鏁 鑰 鍒
sh猫n伞 銆 伞霉 b墨n伞 w煤 ch谩n伞 sh矛 锛宻hu菒 w煤 ch谩n伞 x铆n伞 銆俷茅n伞 y墨n d铆 bi脿n
鑳溌犅犅 銆 鏁 鍏德犅 鏃 甯嘎犅犅 鍔柯 锛 姘绰犅 鏃 甯嘎犅犅 褰⒙犅 銆 鑳铰犅 鍥犅 鏁 鍙
hu脿 茅r q菙 sh猫n伞 zh臎 锛寃猫i zh墨 sh茅n 銆偵∶ w菙 x铆n伞 w煤 ch谩n伞 sh猫n伞 s矛 sh铆
鍖柭 鑰 鍙 鑳溌犅犅 鑰 聽锛 璋撀 涔嬄 绁灺犅 銆 鏁 浜 琛屄犅 鏃 甯嘎犅犅 鑳溌 锛 鍥 鏃
w煤 ch谩n伞 w猫i 锛 r矛 y菕u du菐n ch谩n伞 锛 yu猫 y菕u s菒 sh膿n伞 銆偮
鏃 甯嘎犅犅 浣嵚 锛 鏃 鏈壜 鐭犅 闀柯犅犅 锛 鏈埪 鏈壜 姝 鐢熉犅犅 銆偮

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Translation:(Translated from the Chinese version By LIONEL GILES, M.A. (1910))

VI. WEAK POINTS AND STRONG

1. Sun Tzu said: Whoever is first in the field and awaits the coming of the enemy, will be fresh for the fight; whoever is second in the field and has to hasten to battle will arrive exhausted.

2. Therefore the clever combatant imposes his will on the enemy, but does not allow the enemy's will to be imposed on him.

3. By holding out advantages to him, he can cause the enemy to approach of his own accord; or, by inflicting damage, he can make it impossible for the enemy to draw near.

4. If the enemy is taking his ease, he can harass him; if well supplied with food, he can starve him out; if quietly encamped, he can force him to move.

5. Appear at points which the enemy must hasten to defend; march swiftly to places where you are not expected.

6. An army may march great distances without distress, if it marches through country where the enemy is not.

7. You can be sure of succeeding in your attacks if you only attack places which are undefended.You can ensure the safety of your defense if you only hold positions that cannot be attacked.

8. Hence that general is skillful in attack whose opponent does not know what to defend; and he is skillful in defense whose opponent does not know what to attack.

9. O divine art of subtlety and secrecy! Through you we learn to be invisible, through you inaudible; and hence we can hold the enemy's fate in our hands.

10. You may advance and be absolutely irresistible, if you make for the enemy's weak points; you may retire and be safe from pursuit if your movements are more rapid than those of the enemy.

11. If we wish to fight, the enemy can be forced to an engagement even though he be sheltered behind a high rampart and a deep ditch. All we need do is attack some other place that he will be obliged to relieve.

12. If we do not wish to fight, we can prevent the enemy from engaging us even though the lines of our encampment be merely traced out on the ground. All we need do is to throw something odd and unaccountable in his way.

13. By discovering the enemy's dispositions and remaining invisible ourselves, we can keep our forces concentrated, while the enemy's must be divided.

14. We can form a single united body, while the enemy must split up into fractions. Hence there will be a whole pitted against separate parts of a whole, which means that we shall be many to the enemy's few

. 15. And if we are able thus to attack an inferior force with a superior one, our opponents will be in dire straits.

16. The spot where we intend to fight must not be made known; for then the enemy will have to prepare against a possible attack at several different points; and his forces being thus distributed in many directions, the numbers we shall have to face at any given point will be proportionately few.

17. For should the enemy strengthen his van, he will weaken his rear; should he strengthen his rear, he will weaken his van; should he strengthen his left, he will weaken his right; should he strengthen his right, he will weaken his left. If he sends reinforcements everywhere, he will everywhere be weak.

18. Numerical weakness comes from having to prepare against possible attacks; numerical strength, from compelling our adversary to make these preparations against us.

19. Knowing the place and the time of the coming battle, we may concentrate from the greatest distances in order to fight.

20. But if neither time nor place be known, then the left wing will be impotent to succor the right, the right equally impotent to succor the left, the van unable to relieve the rear, or the rear to support the van. How much more so if the furthest portions of the army are anything under a hundred LI apart, and even the nearest are separated by several LI!

21. Though according to my estimate the soldiers of Yueh exceed our own in number, that shall advantage them nothing in the matter of victory. I say then that victory can be achieved.

22. Though the enemy be stronger in numbers, we may prevent him from fighting. Scheme so as to discover his plans and the likelihood of their success.

23. Rouse him, and learn the principle of his activity or inactivity. Force him to reveal himself, so as to find out his vulnerable spots.

24. Carefully compare the opposing army with your own, so that you may know where strength is superabundant and where it is deficient.

25. In making tactical dispositions, the highest pitch you can attain is to conceal them; conceal your dispositions, and you will be safe from the prying of the subtlest spies, from the machinations of the wisest brains.

26. How victory may be produced for them out of the enemy's own tactics--that is what the multitude cannot comprehend.

27. All men can see the tactics whereby I conquer, but what none can see is the strategy out of which victory is evolved.

28. Do not repeat the tactics which have gained you one victory, but let your methods be regulated by the infinite variety of circumstances.

29. Military tactics are like unto water; for water in its natural course runs away from high places and hastens downwards.

30. So in war, the way is to avoid what is strong and to strike at what is weak.

31. Water shapes its course according to the nature of the ground over which it flows; the soldier works out his victory in relation to the foe whom he is facing.

32. Therefore, just as water retains no constant shape, so in warfare there are no constant conditions.

33. He who can modify his tactics in relation to his opponent and thereby succeed in winning, may be called a heaven-born captain.

34. The five elements (water, fire, wood, metal, earth) are not always equally predominant; the four seasons make way for each other in turn. There are short days and long; the moon has its periods of waning and waxing. [To Chinese text |To Top]

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